Bilingües y Políglotas

1. Adjectives. Adjetivos: An adjective describes a noun or a pronoun (someone or something).  An adjective usually comes before the noun:  Un adjetivo describe un sustantivo o un pronombre (a alguien o algo) Un adjetivo generalmente viene antes del sustantivo:  We made slow progress . - Nosotros hicimos un lento progreso . He is  an amazing cook.  - Él es un cocinero increíble .  It can also come after verbs that describe someone or something (called linking verbs), like "be", "get", "become" etc. or a sense verb (smell, taste, feel, look, seem, etc.).  También puede estar después de verbos que describen a alguien o algo (que se llaman "linking verbs"), como son "be", "get", "become" etc. o verbos de los sentidos ( smell -oler, taste- saborear, feel -sentir, look- mirar, seem -parecer, etc.). Our progress   was/seemed/felt slow . - Nuestro progreso era/parecía/se sintió lento. His food

We use it to report or write down what somebody has said.  It is usually only used for writing.  Usamos el "reported speech" o "indirect speech" (=cita indirecta) para repetir lo que alguien más ha dicho.  Generalmente se utiliza solo en texto escrito.  PRESENT: Quoted speach → Reported speach  El presente simple se convierte a pasado simple: Simple present → Past simple She eats lunch → She said she ate lunch.  El presente continuo se convierte a pasado continuo: Present continuos → Past continuous  He is painting → He said he  was painting. PAST: En el tiempo pasado todos (present perfect, past simple y past perfect) se convierten a past perfect.  Present perfect → Past perfect  They have had a shower → They said they had had a shower. Past simple →  Past perfect  He took my photo. → He said he had taken my photo.   Past perfect →  Past perfect  They had had a dog. → They said they had had a dog. FUTURE:  El

If I study, I will pass the exam. → Si estudio, aprobaré el examen.  If I studied, I would pass the exam. → Si estudiara, aprobaría el examen.  If I had studied, I would have passed the exam. → Si hubiera estudiado, habría pasado el examen. There are 3 types of conditional sentences.  Hay 3 tipos de oraciones condicionales: condition is possible to fulfill - la condición es posible de cumplir  if-clause = Simple Present (Presente simple)  If I study , main clause = will -future or (Modal + infinitive) I will pass the exam  condition is in theory possible to fulfill - la condición es en teoría posible de cumplir   if-clause =  Simple Past (pasado simple) If I studied, main clause = would + infinitive * I would pass the exam condition is not possible to fulfill (too late)  - la condición no es posible de cumplir (es demasiado tarde) if-clause = Past Perfect If I had studied , main clause = would + have + past participle * I would have passed the

The passive voice is used when we focus on the object of the sentence. We use the Present simple passive when something is done by someone regularly /every day/ as expected... La voz pasiva se usa cuando nos enfocamos en el objeto de la oración. Usamos el presente simple pasivo cuando alguien hace algo regularmente / todos los días / como se espera que lo hiciera... Ejemplos: The book is sold out. → El libro está agotado. Is the book sold out? → ¿Está agotado el libro? (¿se han vendido todas las copias?)  The car is cleaned. → El auto es limpiado.  By whom is the car cleaned? → ¿Por quién es limpiado el auto?  Forming Simple Present Passive. ( Como formar el Presente simple pasivo) Affirmative Form (Forma Afirmativa) Object + am / is / are + verb (past participle) The book + is + sold out.  Question Form (Forma Interrogativa) Am / Is / Are + Object + verb (past participle) ? Is + the book + sold out?  Active vs. Passive: Active: My mom bakes the c