Bilingües y Políglotas

1. Adjectives. Adjetivos: An adjective describes a noun or a pronoun (someone or something).  An adjective usually comes before the noun:  Un adjetivo describe un sustantivo o un pronombre (a alguien o algo) Un adjetivo generalmente viene antes del sustantivo:  We made slow progress . - Nosotros hicimos un lento progreso . He is  an amazing cook.  - Él es un cocinero increíble .  It can also come after verbs that describe someone or something (called linking verbs), like "be", "get", "become" etc. or a sense verb (smell, taste, feel, look, seem, etc.).  También puede estar después de verbos que describen a alguien o algo (que se llaman "linking verbs"), como son "be", "get", "become" etc. o verbos de los sentidos ( smell -oler, taste- saborear, feel -sentir, look- mirar, seem -parecer, etc.). Our progress   was/seemed/felt slow . - Nuestro progreso era/parecía/se sintió lento. His food ...

We use it to report or write down what somebody has said.  It is usually only used for writing.  Usamos el "reported speech" o "indirect speech" (=cita indirecta) para repetir lo que alguien más ha dicho.  Generalmente se utiliza solo en texto escrito.  PRESENT: Quoted speach → Reported speach  El presente simple se convierte a pasado simple: Simple present → Past simple She eats lunch → She said she ate lunch.  El presente continuo se convierte a pasado continuo: Present continuos → Past continuous  He is painting → He said he  was painting. PAST: En el tiempo pasado todos (present perfect, past simple y past perfect) se convierten a past perfect.  Present perfect → Past perfect  They have had a shower → They said they had had a shower. Past simple →  Past perfect  He took my photo. → He said he had taken my photo.   Past perfect →  Past perfect  They had had a dog...

If I study, I will pass the exam. → Si estudio, aprobaré el examen.  If I studied, I would pass the exam. → Si estudiara, aprobaría el examen.  If I had studied, I would have passed the exam. → Si hubiera estudiado, habría pasado el examen. There are 3 types of conditional sentences.  Hay 3 tipos de oraciones condicionales: condition is possible to fulfill - la condición es posible de cumplir  if-clause = Simple Present (Presente simple)  If I study , main clause = will -future or (Modal + infinitive) I will pass the exam  condition is in theory possible to fulfill - la condición es en teoría posible de cumplir   if-clause =  Simple Past (pasado simple) If I studied, main clause = would + infinitive * I would pass the exam condition is not possible to fulfill (too late)  - la condición no es posible de cumplir (es demasiado tarde) if-clause = Past Perfect If I had studied , main clause = would + have + p...

The passive voice is used when we focus on the object of the sentence. We use the Present simple passive when something is done by someone regularly /every day/ as expected... La voz pasiva se usa cuando nos enfocamos en el objeto de la oración. Usamos el presente simple pasivo cuando alguien hace algo regularmente / todos los días / como se espera que lo hiciera... Ejemplos: The book is sold out. → El libro está agotado. Is the book sold out? → ¿Está agotado el libro? (¿se han vendido todas las copias?)  The car is cleaned. → El auto es limpiado.  By whom is the car cleaned? → ¿Por quién es limpiado el auto?  Forming Simple Present Passive. ( Como formar el Presente simple pasivo) Affirmative Form (Forma Afirmativa) Object + am / is / are + verb (past participle) The book + is + sold out.  Question Form (Forma Interrogativa) Am / Is / Are + Object + verb (past participle) ? Is + the book + sold out?  Active vs. Passi...